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Development History of Urbanization

中國正在經(jīng)歷世界從未有過的大規(guī)模、高速、并與機(jī)動化、工業(yè)化、智能化同步的城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程（圖1-1）。根據(jù)國家統(tǒng)計局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)1978-2013年間，中國城鎮(zhèn)化率以平均每年1.02%的速度增長，城鎮(zhèn)常住人口從1.7億人增加到7.3億人（圖1-2），城市數(shù)量從193個增加到658個，建制鎮(zhèn)數(shù)量從2173個增加到20113個。截至2013年底，中國城市化率達(dá)到53.7%（圖1-3）。根據(jù)預(yù)測，中國城市化到2030年將達(dá)到約70%?？焖俚某擎?zhèn)化成為中國發(fā)展的重要標(biāo)志。
China is currently experiencing an unprecedented large-scale and rapid urbanization process which is synchronous with mechanization, industrialization and intelligentization (Figure 1-1). Statistics from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) shows that China’s urbanization ratio maintained an average annual growth rate of 1.02% from 1978 to 2013. During this period, permanent population in urban areas rose from 170 million to 730 million (Figure 1-2), with the number of cities increasing from 193 to 658, and the number of organic towns from 2,173 to 20,113. By the end of 2013, China’s urbanization rate reached 53.7% (Figure 1-3). It’s predicted that China’s urbanization rate would amount to about 70% by 2030. Rapid urbanization has become an important symbol of China’s development.
在過去的三十年，中國城鎮(zhèn)化取得了巨大的發(fā)展。城市經(jīng)濟(jì)成為國家經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱，城市面貌極大改善，城鄉(xiāng)居民生活水平全面提升，住房、交通等各項設(shè)施建設(shè)水平極大提高，社會福利和公民權(quán)益普遍改善。改革開放以來，中國建筑業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛，每年開工的建筑面積保持在20億平方米，約占全世界新建建筑的45%。2012年，城鎮(zhèn)居民人均住宅建筑面積從1978年的6.7平方米增加到32.9平方米。目前，中國既有建筑已超過500億平方米，每年竣工建筑面積已經(jīng)超過35億平方米。(中華人民共和國國家統(tǒng)計局, 2013)
Over the past three decades, China has made great strides in urbanization. Urban economy has become the pillar of the national economy, and China has witnessed great improvements in urban landscape, the well-being of urban and rural residents, construction of housing, transportation and various facilities, social welfare and its residents’ rights and interests. Since the reform and opening-up policy was implemented in 1978, China’s construction industry has embarked on a road featured by dramatic development, and the annual area of structure commenced has been maintained at 2 billion m2, accounting for roughly 45% of new buildings across the globe. In 2012, the per capita floor space of residential buildings of urban residents grew from 6.7 m2 in 1978 to 32.9 m2. For now, the area of existing buildings in China has surpassed 50 billion m2, and the annual completed area of structure has exceeded 3.5 billion m2. (NBS, 2013)

國家新型城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略
China’s New-type Urbanization Strategy

（版本1）新型城鎮(zhèn)化要堅持以人為本，推進(jìn)以人為核心的城鎮(zhèn)化。
——習(xí)近平
(Version 1) New-type urbanization means remaining people-centered and advancing urbanization which puts people first.
By Xi Jinping
（版本2）促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級和社會和諧進(jìn)步，實現(xiàn)人的福利和幸福是城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展的真正目標(biāo)，新型城鎮(zhèn)化是以人為核心的城鎮(zhèn)化。
(Version 2) The ultimate goal of urbanization is to promote economic transition and upgrading, social harmony and advancement, and realize human welfare and happiness. New-type urbanization is people-centered urbanization.